Nicolas+Broeking

Nicolas Broeking


 * A Scientist's Take on Gravity **

Overbye, Dennis. "A Scientists Takes On Gravity." The New York Times. The New York Times, 13 July 2010. Web. 30 Oct. 2010. .

This is an article taken from the New York times. It is a popular article however it is considered a very credible paper that has factual information. [|DENNIS OVERBYE] I chose this article because it summarizes the basic idea's behind the new theory that gravity is not an actual force. After this article I learned what area's I will need more information on in order to prove my point. It is a very factual article and gives me very basic information.This article is summarizing the basic ideas of gravity being an illusion. They are summarizing works of a string theorist by the name of Dr. Erik Verlinde.

I. Gravity is an illusion  A. Causing a ruckus among physicists because the theory is trying to reverse the last 300 years of physics.

II. Gravity is a result of the laws of thermodynamics.  A. Entropy

III. but Dr. Verlinde is among a number of physicists who say that science has been looking at gravity the wrong way and that there is something more basic, from which gravity “emerges,” the way stock markets emerge from the collective behavior of individual investors or that elasticity emerges from the mechanics of atoms.

III. Major Problems in physics that could be solved by new theory.  A. Dark Energy  B. Dark Matter

IV. Bad Hair analogy  A. Nature likes to take the path of least resistance.  1. Thats why hair curls because there are more options for hair to curl than there are for it to be straight.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">V. Current theory is too complicated and leaves to many issues with current view of gravity.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">VI. Paper is very confusing and some of the best scientists don't understand it however some believe that it makes a much better fit of our universe than the current model.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">VII. Dr. Valinde Is known for his mastery of string theory mathematics and not for philosophical battles.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">VIII. Over the last 30 years gravity has been taken apart. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Even Einstein proved newtons equations wrong.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">IX. Dr. Hawking discovered a connection between thermodynamics and black holes. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Black holes should explode if quantum equations are applied to black holes.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">X. Black holes are theorized with a holographic principle. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. 3-D images have the information but desplay the information above it. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> B. Black holes absorbe the information deep inside them but they are encoded on the surface. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> C. Mabey this idea applies to the universe as well and mabey we are all just images where we are really objects just being encoded in space.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">XI. In one striking example of a holographic universe, Juan Maldacena of the Institute for Advanced Study constructed a mathematical model of a “soup can” universe, where what happened inside the can, including gravity, is encoded in the label on the outside of the can, where there was no gravity, as well as one less spatial dimension. If dimensions don’t matter and gravity doesn’t matter, how real can they be? (direct quote)

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">XII. Entropy is causing gravity. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Gravity is no longer a fundamental force

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">XIII. Dr. Padmanabhan said that he could see little difference between Dr. Verlinde’s and Dr. Jacobson’s papers and that the new element of an entropic force lacked mathematical rigor. “I doubt whether these ideas will stand the test of time,” he wrote in an e-mail message from India. Dr. Jacobson said he couldn’t make sense of it

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Quote: But what if it’s all an illusion, a sort of cosmic frill, or a side effect of something else going on at deeper levels of reality?


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Seven Things that Don't make Sense about Gravity **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">I chose this article because it outlines the basic problems with the current view of the force of gravity. It will help add data to the side that gravity is a fake force. It is a popular article but it seems to be based in just facts and not to much analysis so there is not too much room for biases.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">"Seven Things That Don't Make Sense about Gravity - New Scientist." Science News and Science Jobs from New Scientist - New Scientist. Web. 31 Oct. 2010. <http://www.newscientist.com/special/seven-things-that-dont-make-sense-about-gravity>

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">I. What is gravity? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Einstien changed almost all of the fundamental ideas about gravity.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">II. Why does gravity only pull? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Every other force attracts and repels.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">III. Why is gravity so week <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Compared to the other fundamental forces gravity is unbelievable week and doesn't attract very much.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">IV. Why is gravity fine tuned? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. With gravity being just a little bit weaker or stronger life could not exist.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">V. Quantum Mechanics and Relativity <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> A. Two theories that are at great odds with each other also have both been proven to work. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;"> B. Very different view of the universe at very small and very large than to our perspective.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Gravity: Seven Unanswered Questions about Natures most Familier Force **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">I chose this article because it goes into more details about the article above. The article, Seven Things that Dont make Sense about Gravity, just briefly outlines the major problems and gives a good base into what I have to reaserch more. Gravity: Seven Unanswered Questions about Natures most Familiar Force gives explanations and much more information to back up the previous article. It is very credible. It is taken from a scientific magazine and cites many leading scientists from various universities.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Brooks, Michael. "Gravity: seven unanswered questions about nature's most familiar force. (Cover story)."New Scientist 202.2712 (2009): 28-32. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 30 Oct. 2010.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">I. What is Gravity?

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A.You jump up, and gravity brings you back down to Earth. You reach the brow of a hill and gravity accelerates you down the other side. All neat and tidy then: gravity behaves in the way Newton thought of it, as a force that affects and changes the motion of something else. (Quote)

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. Einsteins view Changed Everything <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">1. Curvature of Space Time <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">2. The four dimensions of space-time <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">3. Newton said it is what one mass does to another but Einstein said it is what one mass does to the surroundings.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. Although We have an idea where it comes from We dont know how the different parts come together to create gravity. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">1. Mass <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">2. Energy <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">3. Space Time

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Four Fundamental Forces <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">1. The Electromagnetic Force <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">2. The strong Nueclear Force <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">3. The Week Nuclear Force <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">4. Gravity

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">E. We know how the other three forces work. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">1. We know what causes them and what transfers the force. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">2. Operate with particles so then so should gravity <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. es. Electromagnetic force is applied with photons

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">F. The problem <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">1. If we assume gravity works with particles it makes the most basic of questions unbelievable complex when talking about gravity. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">2. There is absolutely no proof that there is such a gravity particle.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">II. Why does Gravity only Pull?

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. The other fundamental forces have opposites. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">1. Ex. Electromagnetic force can attract and repel based on what the charges are. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">a. Proton and electron attract while proton and proton repel.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. The particles that transfer the other forces can be postive or negative

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">C. The "gravitron" <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">1. Theoretical particle that transfers gravity. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">2. Responds to density which is always positive.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">D. Quote <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Or are we assuming too much here? "We don't know that gravity is strictly an attractive force," cautions Paul Wesson of the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada. He points to the "dark energy" that seems to be accelerating the expansion of the universe, and suggests it may indicate that gravity can work both ways. Some physicists speculate that dark energy could be a repulsive gravitational force that only acts over large scales."There is precedent for such behaviour in a fundamental force," Wesson says. "The strong nuclear force is attractive at some distances and repulsive at others."

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">III. Why is gravity so weak

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A. Compated to the other fundamental forces it is very weak.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">B. The other three relative to distance away and size and charge of particle have about the same amount of push and pull where as gravity is much much weaker.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">A New View of Gravity **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">I chose this article because it gives alot of details about the idea of gravity not being a real force. It is very understandable and doesn't go into a lot of crazy mathematics. It gives a very in depth but still easy to understand. This is a very credible article. It comes from a credible scholarly magazine.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Siegfried, Tom. "A New View of Gravity." Science News 178.7 (2010): 26-29. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 1 Nov. 2010.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">**Gravity's Origin Falling Into Plac**e

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">I chose this article because it gives analysis on Eric Valendis new theory. It talks about what makes it credible and what makes it not. This comes from a scientific magazine so you know the information is correct.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif;">Calmthout, Martijn van. "Gravity's origin falling into place." New Scientist 205.2744 (2010): 6-7.Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 1 Nov. 2010.